RESEARCH ON ELEMENTS OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX MOENCH) GROWING TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE

Abstract

The research is aimed at solving a pressing problem, in particular, studying the technological methods of soybean cultivation. It has been established that improving agro-technological cultivation methods contributes to increasing the seed productivity of soybeans and has important agro-ecological and food significance. It has been experimentally proven that the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is favorable for soybean cultivation in terms of soil, climatic and hydrothermal conditions. The agro-climatic conditions of the growing season in 2024 were favorable for this crop, and therefore the use of improved agro-technical methods allows significantly increasing the efficiency of resource use, optimizing water and nutrient consumption, and reducing the negative impact of stress factors that arise during soybean growth. Therefore, the hydrothermal conditions of the region are a decisive factor in ensuring high soybean yields, and their consideration should be key when planning cultivation technologies. In addition, the correct approach to growing soybeans helps not only to increase its yield, but also to improve the quality of products, increasing its resistance to harmful objects. It has been determined that the introduction of mineral fertilizers into the soil is not always able to fully satisfy the needs of plants for the necessary nutrients. Therefore, under stressful conditions, such as extreme temperatures, moisture deficiency and other adverse factors, the absorption of nutrients by the root system is significantly impaired, which leads to a slowdown in plant growth processes. It has been noted that nitrogen deficiency becomes critical during the formation of generative organs, when the need for nutrients increases due to the intensive growth of vegetative mass. During this period, the reserves of easily accessible nutrients are depleted, and their absorption does not keep up with the rapid growth of plants. In view of this, it is recommended to use additional methods in the soybean fertilization system, in particular, the use of fertilizers in chelate form for foliar (foliar) feeding. This allows you to quickly provide plants with the necessary nutrients during critical periods.