PRODUCTIVITY AND FORAGE QUALITY OF SEEDLESS CORN VARIETIES

Abstract

Goal. To analyze the economic and valuable indicators of varieties of thornless cornflower, entered in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine.Methods. The research was conducted on the basis of processing the materials of the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine for 2025, which are presented in the "Variety" Information and Reference System of the Ukrainian Institute of Plant Varieties Expertise.The results. The State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine, suitable for distribution in 2025, includes 13 varieties of thornless cornflower. The duration of the growing season before harvesting the first crop in the earing phase ranged from 63 to 115 days. The fastest ripening varieties were Bakai, Ivanko – 63 days each, Skif – 72 days, Sokil – 73 days. The longest growing season before harvesting the first crop was the following varieties: Carpathian – 115 days, Poltava 5 – 108 days, Byzantium – 105 days.An important indicator when growing thornless corn for hay or green mass is the height of the plants in the earing phase. The lowest varieties in this phase were: Arsen – 70 cm, Vseslav – 90 cm and Poltavskyi 5 – 97 cm. The highest varieties were: Falcon – 167 cm, Byzant – 156 cm, Topaz – 148 cm, Skif – 140 cm.Conclusions. The highest yield of dry matter from the crop was established in the varieties of awnless wheat: Poltavsky 5 – 75.9 c/ha, Gelius – 74.9 c/ha, Skif – 73.7 c/ha, Topaz – 73.4 c/ha. The varieties with the highest protein content in the feed were: Skif – 14.6%, Sokil – 13.8%, Topaz – 13.4%. The varieties with the highest leafiness of the plants were: Poltavsky 5 – 70%, Topaz – 66%, Gelius – 65%. The varieties Sokil and Vizant, which had a resistance score of 9 each, were the most resistant to adverse wintering conditions. The most drought-resistant variety was Vizant, which had a drought resistance score of 9. The varieties most resistant to lodging with a score of 9 were: Sokil, Arsen, Bakai, Borozensky 7, Ivanko, Vizant. The highest resistance to diseases was found in the varieties of awnless wheatgrass Arsen, Borozensky 7, and Byzant – 9 points each. The varieties with the highest stem height are: Sokol – 167 cm, Byzant – 156 cm, Topaz – 148 cm, and Skif – 140 cm.