THE EFFECT OF FOLIAR FERTILIZATION ON PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN CORN HYBRIDS (ZEA MAYS L.)
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of foliar fertilization on the processes of plant growth and development and the level of yield of corn hybrids. Methods. Field (study of the duration of interphase periods, accumulation of raw biomass and dry matter, yield level) and statistical (processing of research results) methods were used. The subject of the research was corn hybrids MAS 25.F (FAO 250) and MAS 37.V (FAO 340), microfertilizer Intermah-Kukurudza. Experimental scheme: no treatment (control); foliar fertilization in the 4–6 leaf phase; foliar fertilization in the 8-10 leaf phase; foliar fertilization in the 4–6 + 8–10 leaf phase. The following indicators were studied: the duration of the interphase periods “sowing-emergence”, “emergence-beginning of panicle ejection” and “emergence-full ripeness”; accumulation of fresh aboveground mass and dry matter in plants; leaf surface area, yield level. Statistical processing of the research results included conducting a variance analysis. Results. The shorter duration of the interphase periods “sowing-emergence”, “emergence-beginning of panicle ejection” and “emergence-full ripeness” was in the midearly hybrid MAS 25.F, and longer – in the mid-ripening hybrid MAS 37.V. According to the factor of foliar feeding of corn, the shortest period was observed with the complex use of microfertilizer Intermah-Kukurudza and the longest – respectively, in the variant without treatment. The indicators of the leaf surface area of plants, the growth of fresh mass and the yield of dry matter, and the level of yield were higher in the MAS 37.V corn hybrid, and lower in the MAS 25.F hybrid. By the treatment factor, these indicators decreased from the complex use of the drug to the control variant. Conclusions. By the level of yield, the MAS 37.V corn hybrid was distinguished under the complex treatment with the microfertilizer Intermah-Kukurudza, which was characterized by a higher FAO indicator.
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