CURRENT STATE OF PRODUCTION AND PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF COMMON BEAN VARIETAL RESOURCES IN UKRAINE
Abstract
To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state of common bean production in Ukraine and to assess the structure of its varietal resources based on the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine. Methods. Monographic method for reviewing scientific literature; statistical and economic method for analyzing the dynamics of bean production; comparative method for evaluating changes in indicators over time; structural analysis for determining the peculiarities of varietal resource formation; graphical method for visualizing research results; and generalization and systematization methods for drawing conclusions regarding current trends in production development and varietal composition. The study was based on statistical data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and information from the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine as of June 2026. Results. The article analyzes the current state of common bean grain production in Ukraine and the peculiarities of the formation of its varietal resources. Based on statistical data for 2015–2025, the dynamics of sown area, gross harvest, and crop yield were investigated. It was established that, despite the negative impact of military actions, bean production generally demonstrated positive trends manifested in the expansion of cultivated areas, recovery of production volumes, and stabilization of yield levels. It was determined that throughout most of the study period, farms achieved higher yields than household producers, indicating a more efficient application of modern cultivation technologies. An analysis of the common bean varietal composition included in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine was conducted. The predominance of vegetable bean varieties was established; these varieties are characterized by high adaptability to different agro-climatic zones, whereas grain bean varieties are primarily intended for cultivation in the Steppe and Forest-Steppe zones. It was shown that the varietal assortment of grain beans is entirely represented by Ukrainian-bred varieties, while the vegetable bean segment is largely represented by foreign breeders. The geographical structure of variety origin and the chronology of variety registration were analyzed, revealing a substantial intensification of breeding activities during the last five years. The obtained results indicate increasing commercial attractiveness of common bean, expansion of its genetic diversity, and promising prospects for further development of bean production and breeding in Ukraine. Conclusions. During the period from 2015 to 2025, common bean grain production in Ukraine generally exhibited positive dynamics despite the adverse effects of military actions. Sown areas and production volumes increased, while yield levels remained relatively stable. In most years, farms achieved higher yields than household producers, indicating a more efficient use of modern cultivation technologies. The varietal assortment is dominated by vegetable bean varieties characterized by high adaptability to different agro-climatic conditions of Ukraine. The grain bean segment is fully represented by domestic breeding achievements, whereas the vegetable bean segment depends largely on foreign originators. In recent years, breeding activity and renewal of varietal resources have intensified significantly.
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